Misconception Regarding Pregnancy Duration in Determining Nasab and Children’s Legal Status in Indonesia

Hanif A'la Ilhami; Zul Efendi

Authors

Hanif A'la Ilhami State Islamic University Sjech M. Djamil Djambek, Bukittinggi, Indonesia
Zul Efendi State Islamic University Sjech M. Djamil Djambek, Bukittinggi, Indonesia

Keywords:

Misconception, nasab, Pregnancy duration

Abstract

Pregnancy duration has become one of the criteria formulated by ulama in determining nasab between father and child. The issue arises when some researchers from Indonesia misunderstand the role of pregnancy duration in determining the status of children in Indonesia. This study aims to uncover this misunderstanding, by formulating two questions: what is the role of pregnancy duration in determining nasab in Islam, and what are the misconceptions about pregnancy duration and the causes of researchers' misunderstanding of this concept. This research is qualitative, using a literature review approach. The study found that pregnancy duration serves as one of the criteria in proving nasab through al-firasy, and this criterion does not stand alone but is interrelated with other criteria. The mistake made by Indonesian researchers is considering pregnancy duration as the sole criterion in determining nasab and ignoring other concepts of nasab, i.e. asbab al-nasab and tsubut al-nasab. This misunderstanding is likely caused by a mixture of paradigms regarding the status of children according to Islam and Indonesian national law. The national law only considers the timing of a child's birth as the primary criterion in determining the status of the child. In cases of marriages preceded by pregnancies resulting from zina, it is emphasized that honesty is demanded from the husband and wife to acknowledge that their child indeed does not have nasab to his father. At the very least, this acknowledgment should be made to the concerned child or to the legal guardian if the child is a girl who intends to marry in the future, to avoid violating shari’ah provisions in important aspects such as wilayah and others.

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